brain – Effects of Anxiety

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What’s normal anxiety — and what’s an anxiety disorder? | Body Stuff with Dr. Jen Gunter | TED

Transcriber We live in a culture that doesn’t take mental health issues seriously. There’s a lot of stigma. Some people tell you to just suck it up or get it together or to stop worrying or that it’s all in your head. But I’m here to tell you that anxiety disorders, they’re as real as diabetes, Music Body Stuff with Dr Jen Gunter Hi. Again It’s, Dr Jen, and I’ve noticed something with my patients. They often describe to me some classic symptoms of an anxiety disorder. Constant worry, trouble, sleeping tense muscles, and struggle with concentrating, But they aren’t getting treatment. There are a lot of issues with mental health care in this country. Some people, don’t have insurance that would cover it. Some have been dismissed or minimized in the past and don’t think seeking help will do any good. Some worry about the stigma and whether it could affect future jobs or relationships But severe anxiety. Isn’t a moral or personal failing It,’s a health problem, just like strep throat or diabetes. It needs to be treated with the same kind of seriousness. Before we can talk about anxiety disorders, let’s talk about anxiety itself. Anxiety is the very real and normal emotion we feel in a stressful situation. It’s related to fear, But, while fear is a response to an immediate threat that quickly subsides anxiety is a response to more uncertain threats that tend to last much longer. It’s all part of the threat detection system that all animals have to some degree to help protect us from predators. Anxiety starts in the brain’s amygdala a pair of almond-sized nerve, bundles that alert other areas of the brain to be ready for defensive action. Next, the hypothalamus relays the signal setting off what we call the stress response in our body, Our muscles tense, our breathing and heart rate increase and our blood pressure rises. Areas in the brain stem kick in and put you in a state of high alertness. This is the fight-or-flight response. There are ways the fight or flight response is kept somewhat in check with an area of higher-level thinking called the ventromedial prefrontal cortex. It works like this. If a person sees something they think is dangerous, like a tiger that sends a signal to the amygdala saying it’s, time to run The ventromedial prefrontal cortex can say to the amygdala: Hey, look The tiger’s in a cage. You know what a cage is. They can’t escape from a cage. It’s, OK, to calm down It’s, a feedback loop that can help keep the response in check. The hippocampus is also involved. It provides context by saying things like Hey: we’ve seen tigers in cages before We’re in a zoo. You are extra safe With anxiety. These threat detection systems and mechanisms that reduce or inhibit them are functioning incorrectly and cause us to worry about the future and our safety in it. But for many people, it goes into overdrive. They experience persistent pervasive anxiety that disrupts work, school, and relationships and leads them to avoid situations that may trigger symptoms. Anxiety disorders are not at all uncommon, Based on data from the World Mental Health Survey. Researchers estimate that about 16 percent of individuals currently have or have had an anxiety disorder. These include social anxiety, disorder, panic, disorder, agoraphobia and phobias. Studies have shown that people with anxiety disorders, don’t just have a different way of reacting to stress. There may be actual differences in how their brain is working. One model describes a possible mix. Ups in the connections between the amygdala and other parts of the brain, The pathways that signal anxiety become stronger And the more anxiety you have, the stronger the pathways become and it becomes a vicious cycle. The good news is there’s, treatment for anxiety and that you, don’t have to suffer. Remember this isn’t about weakness. It’s about changing brain patterns and research shows that our brains can reorganize and form new connections. Throughout our lives, A good first step is to do the basics, Eat a balanced diet, exercise regularly, and get plenty of sleep. As your mind is part of your body. It might also help to try meditation Instead of our heart rate, rising and our body tensing with mindfulness and breathing. We can slow down the fight or flight response and improve how we feel in the moment through cognitive behavioral therapy. A form of talk therapy can also be fantastic In it. You learn to identify upsetting thoughts and determine whether they’re realistic Over time. Cognitive behavioral therapy can rebuild those neural pathways that tamp down the anxiety response. Medication can also give relief in both the short term and the long term. In the short term, anti-anxiety drugs can down-regulate the threat, and detection mechanisms that are going into overdrive. Studies have shown that both long-term medications and cognitive behavioral therapy can reduce the overreactivity of the amygdala. We see anxiety disorders, High blood pressure, and diabetes. They can be treated or managed over time, And the same is true for an anxiety disorder too.

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The one factor causing depression and anxiety in the workplace | Johann Hari | Big Think

I learned about nine causes of depression and anxiety, for which there’s scientific evidence with different sets of solutions. But I’ll just give you a very quick example of one. I noticed that lots of people I know who were depressed and anxious. Their depression and anxiety focus on their work. So I started looking at, well, how do people feel about their work? What’s going on here? Gallup did the most detailed study that’s ever been done on this. They found that 13 percent of us like our work most of the time. Sixty-three percent of us are what they call “sleepwalking” throughout work. We don’t like it. We don’t hate it. We tolerate it. Twenty-four percent of us hate our jobs. If you think about that 87 percent of people in our culture don’t like the thing they’re doing most of the time. They did send their first work email at 7:48 a.m. and clock off at 7:15 p.m. on average. Most of us don’t want to be doing it. Could this have a relationship with our mental health? I started looking for the best evidence, and I discovered an amazing Australian social scientist called Michael Marmot who I got to know, the story of how he discovered it is amazing, but I’ll give you the headline. He discovered the key factor that makes us depressed and anxious at work: If you go to work and you feel controlled, you feel you have few or limited choices you are significantly more likely to become depressed or even more likely to have a stress-related heart attack. And this is because of one of the things that connects so many of the causes of depression and anxiety I learned about. Everyone watching this knows that you have natural physical needs, right? You need food. You need water. You need shelter. You need clean air. If I took them away from you, you would be in trouble real fast, right? There’s equally strong evidence that we have natural psychological needs. You’ve got to feel you belong; You’ve got to feel your life has meaning and purpose; You’ve got to feel that people see you and value you; You’ve got to feel you’ve got a future that makes sense. And if human beings are deprived of those psychological needs they will experience extreme forms of distress. Our culture is good at lots of things. We’re getting less and less good at meeting people’s deep underlying psychological needs. And this is one of the key factors why depression is rising. And that opens, just to finish the point about what that opens up, a very different way of thinking about how we solve these problems, right? So if control at work is one of the drivers of this depression and anxiety epidemic I think well what would be an antidepressant for that, right? What would solve that? In Baltimore, I met a woman called Meredith Keogh as part of an amazing transformation. Meredith used to go to bed every Sunday night just sick with anxiety. She had an office job. It wasn’t the worst office job in the world, she wasn’t being bullied, but she couldn’t bear the thought that this monotony was going to be the next 40 years of her life, most of her life. And one day Meredith experimented with her husband Josh. Josh had worked in bike stores since he was a teenager. Again, it’s insecure, controlled work, as you can imagine. And one day Josh and his friends in the bike store just asked themselves: what does our boss do? They liked that boss. He wasn’t a bad guy, but they thought, “Well, we fix all the bikes.” They didn’t like this feeling of having a boss. They decided to do something different. So Meredith quit her job. Josh and his friends quit their jobs. They set up a bike store that works on a different, older principle. It’s a democratic cooperative, not a corporation. So the way it works is there is no boss. They make the decisions together democratically by voting. They share the good tasks and the bad tasks. They share the profits. One of the things that was so interesting to me going there which is completely in line with Professor Marmot’s findings is how many of them talked about how depressed and anxious they’d been when they worked in a controlled environment and they weren’t depressed and anxious now. Now it’s important to say: it’s not like they quit their jobs fixing bikes and went to become like Beyoncé’s backup singers, right? They fixed bikes before, they fixed bikes now. But they dealt with the factor that causes depression and anxiety. As Josh put it to me, there’s no reason why any business should be run in this top-down, depressogenic, humiliating way, right? The modern corporation is a very recent invention. Think about how many people you know who feel terrible today if they were going to work tomorrow at a workplace that they controlled with their colleagues. If there had to be a boss, they elected the boss and the boss was accountable to them. Where they chose the priorities for their workplace. A lot of people would feel very differently. Now that is an antidepressant, right? Chemical antidepressants should remain on the menu. They give some relief to some people. That’s valuable. But we need to look for antidepressants that deal with the reasons why we’re depressed. So I was able to identify nine causes of depression and anxiety and seven antidepressants like this which are actually about dealing with the reasons why we feel this way and not just blunting the symptoms. 100 Hot BooksComputers LaptopsExplaindio Agency Edition FREE Training How to Create Explainer Videos & SELL or RENT them! Join this FREE webinar | Work Less & Earn More With Explaindio AGENCY EDITION

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Anxiety Tips: Is caffeine helpful or a hindrance?

Hi, I m Lynette from PanicAttackRecovery com. We are a collaboration of former sufferers who are helping current sufferers of anxiety, panic attacks, and agoraphobia. If you are a consumer of caffeine and a panic, attack, or anxiety sufferer, then you might consider this video to be an important one, To begin with. What are the effects of caffeine, Caffeine s effects include stimulation of the central nervous system, CNS, and stimulation of the cardiac muscle. It has been suggested that caffeine can lead to jitters, headaches, irritability, confusion, muscle, aches, heartburn, increased blood pressure, and other effects on the body. However, you might be asking the following question: is there any real connection between caffeine and anxiety, Authors of an article in the Journal of Caffeine Research completed a thorough literature review. The authors indicated that their review showed that caffeine produces behavioral and physiological effects similar to those produced by other drugs of dependence. The article points out that caffeine consumption has been associated with several negative health consequences, including anxiety, insomnia, hypertension, myocardial infarction, bladder instability, gastroesophageal reflux spontaneous abortion, and reduced fetal growth. So should you consume caffeine, You might be able to consume caffeine in moderation. However, it s important to become aware of all of the foods and drinks that contain caffeine and to consider the level of caffeine in each of these foods and drinks, For instance, consider the following caffeine levels: according to the Mayo Clinic Brewed cup 8 oz of coffee 95 200 mg Cola, 30 40 mg, Black tea, 14 61 mg Energy drinks, such as Red Bull, 80 mg. The Mayo Clinic indicates that you might consider reducing your intake of caffeine if you are consuming more than 500 mg of caffeine per day. However, ultimately, we would suggest that you may want to determine your tolerance levels to caffeine. We certainly don t recommend that you quit caffeine or cold turkey. If you are trying to quit, If you are trying to cut back, you should gradually reduce your caffeine intake levels. Instead of making big changes all of a sudden, You should remember that caffeine is a drug, so you may initially go through some withdrawal symptoms when levels are reduced.

Withdrawal symptoms have been reported, such as headache, irritability, sleeplessness, confusion, nausea, restlessness, tremor palpitations, and raised blood pressure. You might be asking how to kick the caffeine habit or reduce the amount of coffee you consume. We would suggest you may want to think about two things. 1 Become aware of all your sources of caffeine by taking an inventory of all of your caffeine levels and 2. Consider substituting green tea in place of all or some of your daily coffee. Why green tea? Although green tea, has some caffeine? It s not nearly as much as coffee As mentioned, while a brewed 8 oz cup of coffee can have about 95 200 mg of caffeine. Green tea has about 14 40 mg of caffeine. Only In addition to subscribing to our YouTube channel, you can visit our website and Sign up for our free email newsletter, Obtain a range of articles about panic, attacks, anxiety, and agoraphobia, and Follow us on Twitter and Facebook. By taking advantage of these options, you can be assured that you will not be missing out on any of our resources. Please visit our website at PanicAttackRecovery com. . As found on YouTube This solution reverses kidney disease! Guaranteed to be effective or your money back: Beat kidney disease. Just by following a simple treatment plan, you can reverse kidney disease. No matter how old you are! Just listen to what people who have tried this solution have to say. “Thank God I came across your solution by accident! Dad’s kidney function decreased from 36% to 73% in just two months. He’s 90 years old! His doctor said people his age shouldn’t have kidneys that efficient!” Graeme Asham, QLD, Australia, And this… “No more dizzy spells! My creatinine has gone down from a staggering 1800 to 1100. My blood count has greatly improved and I’ve been taken off my blood pressure medication. Your solution works! ” Joe Taliana, 55, Malta Simply follow the scientifically backed solution and restore your kidneys, fast! => This solution reverses kidney disease! ← https://www.facebook.com/100000332115031/videos/590895892954739/ яαℓρн ℓєαмαи

What Coronavirus Stress Is Doing To Your Brain And Body

Abby Tang: How are you feeling? Graham Flanagan: I played that song, ♪ You had a bad day ♪ Alex Appolonia: I wrote down some points because my brain is like mush lately. Fran Lam: Sad, worried, stressed. Victoria Barranco: Physically, like all of the negative emotions. Abby: This probably sounds super familiar, and that’s because a lot of us are feeling stressed right now. But this isn’t normal stress. This is pandemic stress, and it is messing with our brains in a particular way. When you get stressed, it triggers a chain reaction that starts in the amygdala, your emotional-processing headquarters. Your eyes and ears send info to the amygdala, and it determines if what you’re seeing and hearing is stressful. If it is, it sends a signal to your command center, the hypothalamus. It’s in charge of getting the word out to the rest of your body by way of the autonomic nervous system. The adrenal glands get the message first and pump adrenaline into your bloodstream. Your heart beats faster; you breathe more rapidly because your muscles need extra blood and your brain needs extra oxygen. They’re preparing to react to whatever threat is causing your stress response. All of this happens in the blink of an eye. It’s like how people can jump out of the way of a car without really thinking about it. The emotional amygdala overrides your prefrontal cortex, the part of your brain where all the logic happens. So you don’t get a chance to think things through; you just react. Once the threat dies down, though, the parasympathetic nervous system takes over and returns all those heightened reactions to normal. But if the brain still detects danger after the initial adrenaline rush, the hypothalamus sends out another message to the rest of the HPA axis. This triggers another series of hormones that lead to the release of cortisol, which signals to the body that it needs to stay on high alert and keep pumping out stress hormones. Right now for a lot of us, that threat is still very much alive. The amygdala is still overriding the prefrontal cortex, which is in charge of decision-making and planning. So those feelings of forgetfulness and tiredness, they’re likely a product of this stress response that won’t turn off. Stress hormones and the accompanying bodily responses are super helpful in the short term, but our bodies aren’t meant to function in this heightened state for weeks or months at a time. And over time, your brain will burn out. When it does, it can lead to allostatic load, the cumulative wear, and tear that happens to your body when you’re dealing with chronic stress.

A high, prolonged cortisol level can mess with a lot of stuff. It’s even been seen to decrease the volume of your hippocampus, the area responsible for learning and memory, and a reduced hippocampus is more often seen in people with depression than those without. So all this is to say that the extra stress is probably not doing your brain or your body any favors. And humans are historically bad at making decisions when they don’t know what’s going to happen? So, what can you do to reduce the allostatic load? Reduce stress. Eating well, exercising, and maintaining a regular sleep schedule cannot be overlooked. Exercising alone can reduce stress hormones, even with just a 20-minute walk. And a different way of thinking could also help us: an idea called model-free learning. It’s trial and error. Instead of basing your risk assessment on similar examples from the past or envisioning future scenarios, you just take it one step at a time. This way, you reassess and update your estimate of what’s happening and how to prepare. We’re dealing with a new virus, constantly changing policies, and likely a completely different schedule and maybe even environment. Our brain is on high alert at all times to identify potential threats. This means that even if you’re spending most of your time laying around, your brain isn’t, so try not to beat yourself up for feeling tired or fuzzy, or unmotivated. You just don’t need anything else to stress about. Now that you know all of this, how are you feeling? Alex: To be honest, I do still feel the same. Fran: I think I’m feeling a bit better after watching it. Victoria: It’s my body is exhausted from feeling things and being under stress all day, all the time. Graham: Whenever I feel that allostatic load starting to weigh down on me, you know, I can put a name on it, a face on it, and it makes it a lot easier to deal with it. As found on YouTube AnimationStudio ꆛ☣ꐕ Be The “Middle Man” And Profit With AnimationStudio Agency License. Here’s How You Can Earn $100, $200, or even $300 For Every Video You Create With AnimationStudio… Activate Your Profit Machine With The Agency License … $197/month For Just $67 One Time Payment

6 Signs Someone Grew Up with Anxiety | MedCircle

Watch the full exclusive MedCircle series on growing up with anxiety (and how to cope with it) HERE: https://bit.ly/38C9wTR Anxiety disorders can hurt your ability to succeed at work, moderate your mood, maintain emotionally healthy relationships, and be fully present day-to-day. More than 40 million adults in the U.S. suffer from an anxiety disorder. At it’s best, anxiety is an inconvenience. Without therapy or treatment, it can be debilitating. And left untreated, it can destroy lives. The first step in conquering anxiety is understanding the signs someone grew up with anxiety. In this video, MedCircle host Kyle Kittleson and triple board certified neuropsychologist Dr. Judy ho explain the 6 signs someone grew up with anxiety. 00:00 Intro 00:56 Environmental signs & causes 01:46 Hereditary signs & causes 02:12 Behavioral signs 04:25 Emotional signs 05:35 Neurological signs 08:14 Physical signs 10:42 Phobias vs anxiety 11:59 Phobias in teens vs kids 12:37 Anxiety in teens vs kids 14:09 How to watch the rest #Anxiety #MentalHealth #MedCircle

6 Signs Someone Grew Up with Anxiety | MedCircle

What’s normal anxiety — and what’s an anxiety disorder? | Body Stuff with Dr. Jen Gunter

Everyone gets anxious at times, but how can you tell when it crosses the line and needs attention? Dr. Jen Gunter shares the science behind your brain’s threat-detection system, what makes it malfunction and the most effective ways of treating it. Think you know how your body works? Think again! Dr. Jen Gunter is here to shake up everything you thought you knew — from how much water you need to drink to how often you need to poop and everything in between. This TED original series will tell you the truth about what’s *really* going on inside you. (Made possible with the support of Oura) Want to hear more from Dr. Jen Gunter? Follow Body Stuff on Apple Podcasts: https://link.chtbl.com/BodyStuffYT

How Chronic Stress Harms Your Body

[♩ INTRO ] Stress happens. And that’s not always bad—starting a new job or getting married can both be happy things, but they also can be really stressful. There are some kinds of stress that just don’t seem to go away, though. Like the feeling that you’re drowning in work, but still perpetually worried about making ends meet. If you deal with a lot of stress every day, for months or years on end, then stress doesn’t just feel awful—it actually causes you physical harm. Psychologists call any event or situation that puts pressure on you or threatens your well-being a stressor, while stress refers to your psychological and physical reactions. Stressors that are one and done—like locking your keys in your car, or forgetting your wallet—bring on acute stress. But when stressors are repeated or continuous, that’s chronic stress.

Things like abusive relationships, living in poverty, and being discriminated against have all been shown to cause chronic stress. And that psychological anguish takes a toll physically. When you experience acute stress, your body activates a system called the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis, or just HPA axis because why would you want to say all that other stuff over and over again. It starts deep in your brain, in the limbic system — the part responsible for a lot of your automatic emotional reactions, among other things. There, a region called the hypothalamus releases hormones that start a whole chain of more hormones being released — first by your pituitary gland, and then by your adrenal glands, which release a bunch of adrenaline and cortisol into your bloodstream. And those two hormones trigger the “fight-or-flight” response. They boost physical activity by increasing your blood sugar and the blood flow to your muscles, and bump up your metabolism at the same time.

The idea is that the physical boost helps you fight the stressor or run away. So, like, if you were suddenly face to face with a bear, the surge in energy would help you either outrun it, or go all like Revenant on it. The same system is activated by chronic stress, but things get a bit more complicated. Researchers have found that people under some kinds of chronic stress have perpetually high cortisol levels, as if their HPA axis is running constantly. For others, it can depend on the timing, with higher cortisol levels near the start of the stress before it actually dips lower than usual.

But we do know that while this stress reaction can be helpful at times, having it running all the time is a problem. People under chronic stress are at higher risk for all kinds of ailments, like heart disease, autoimmune diseases, and mental disorders like anxiety and depression. That’s because, in addition to it being super unpleasant to be stressed out all the time, the stress response is constantly sapping your energy. The resources used by fight-or-flight have to come from somewhere, and one of the places they come from is your immune system.

On the molecular level, the same cortisol that works to get extra glucose to your muscles also stops your body from making as many infection-fighting white blood cells as it normally would. So stress can tank your ability to fight infections. It's kind of like evolution is telling your body not to worry about fighting off that cold right now, because you need to fight that bear that is right in front of you. Except with chronic stress, the bear isn’t a bear. It’s your crappy job. Or your unhappy relationship. Or whatever it is that stresses you out all the time. And that means your immune system never gets the chance to recover and deal with that cold as easily as it normally would. One famous experiment demonstrating this involved 11 dental students who volunteered to have their mouths biopsied twice: first during summer vacation, and then again during exam week.

It took an average of 3 days longer for the wounds to heal while they were stressed about exams. All kinds of other studies have gotten similar results — some by punching small holes in people like they did with the dental students, and others by observing how stress affects recovery from surgery and other major wounds. There's also research suggesting that chronic stress explains part of the relationship between poverty and health.

Even just the perception of being in a lower socioeconomic class is associated with an increase in respiratory infections. Stress can also advance the aging process. By the time you get older, your DNA has had to replicate so many times that the protective parts at each of the ends of the chromosome, called telomeres, can kind of start to fray. When telomeres are shorter, it's more likely that there will be errors in copying genes. And those errors increase your risk of disease. There’s evidence that having more cortisol in your blood interrupts the repair of telomeres. Which might explain why stress is linked to diseases that are also associated with age, like heart disease, cancer, and anemia.

To stay healthy, the best thing you can do is get rid of the chronic stress. But, easier said than done. If you can’t get rid of it completely, things like meditation and relaxation therapies can help lower your stress response. And, weirdly enough, so might changing how you think about stress. Studies have shown that when people think about the source of stress as a challenge to overcome instead of a threat to their well-being, that seems to lower their perceived stress and reduce their body’s physical response. There’s another way you might be able to improve your health, too: help others reduce their stress. In a sample of over 800 older adults, those with high stress who also reported helping friends or neighbors with things like housework or childcare had mortality rates similar to those with low stress. Whereas those with high stress who didn’t help out had reduced odds of survival. So, chronic stress is not good for anyone. But even if you can’t avoid being stressed out all the time, there are ways to help yourself relax — and sometimes you can even reduce other people’s stress in the process.

Thanks for watching this episode of SciShow Psych! If you want to keep up to date with our latest videos explaining how these big ole noggins of ours work, head over to youtube.com/scishowpsych and click on that subscribe button because it’ll all come into your subscription box and you’ll watch every single one of them and it really helps… with the YouTube algorithm. Thank you! [♩ OUTRO ].

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