https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=baqXeUOcyJw
Hey there! Welcome to Life Noggin.00:00:03
Depression is a serious illness that affects over 300 million people worldwide. While everyone feels sad sometimes, people with major depressive disorder — or clinical depression — can be down for weeks, months, or even years. It’s not something they can shake by changing their routine.
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For many, the activities that used to make them happy don’t anymore.
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They may feel hopeless and exhausted, have trouble sleeping, lose their appetite, or have a decreased libido.
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It can be hard for them to get through the day or complete routine tasks. At its worst, depression can lead to suicide.
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I know this is a delicate topic, so I teamed up my YouTube friend and licensed therapist Kati Morton! Kati, could you give us some insight on why people get depressed? Sure thing! There isn’t really one particular reason people slip into depression.
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It can be triggered by an event or stress, but it can also start without a clear cause. Either way, it’s real, and serious.
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One in 10 people have been depressed at least once in their lifetime, and it’s the leading cause of disability worldwide.
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For decades, scientists believed that the illness was caused by an imbalance of certain chemicals in the brain, like serotonin, that help regulate mood.
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Many medications that treat depression boost these chemicals, but they often take weeks to work.
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This may be because the chemicals are actually helping build new neurons and connections in the brain.
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Several studies support this theory, suggesting that the root cause of depression could be problems with the brain’s circuits.
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One study showed that depressed people have weak connections in the parts of the brain associated with reward and memory, and strong connections in the areas associated with punishment. Another study found hyperactivity in the areas controlling concentration and mood. This might be what causes negative thoughts to stay at the front of someone’s mind, even when they try to push them away.
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Scientists are now looking for treatments that target these circuits directly to provide better relief.
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But depression can be more than just bad feelings.
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It’s also been linked to chronic pain, immune system problems, heart disease, and hormone imbalances.
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In fact, physical symptoms are often the first sign of major depressive disorder.
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In a study of roughly 1200 people who met the criteria for depression, nearly 70% went to the doctor for physical symptoms, not mental.
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So, does depression cause physical problems, or is it the other way around? Well, It may be both.
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For example, researchers have long thought that stress can cause stomach issues, but there’s also evidence that irritation in your gut can trigger mood swings.
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Since the mind and body are so closely linked, mental illness is often felt physically even though there is no illness in the body itself.
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Those physical sensations are called psychosomatic symptoms.
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Some scientists believe that physical and emotional pain share similar pathways in the brain, and it’s necessary to treat both types of symptoms to get relief.
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No matter how depression manifests, the most important thing is to get the right help. Many people suffer silently because they think admitting to depression is a sign of weakness. But it’s not, and you are not alone.
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Talking about it with a professional is one of the main things that can help, and most forms of depression are treatable.
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If you know someone who might need help, or if you need help now, you can check the links in the description for free resources.
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And please, speak to a professional.
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Depression can be very difficult to live with, but there are lots of ways to get help. Thank you so much to Kati for helping with this video! She’s a great friend and is helping people every week on her youtube channel. Her channel focuses on mental health and being your best self! If you wanna dive right in, i highly recommend starting here or click the link in the description.
Source : Youtube
And how do we know that? We could look at
it dimensionally. If we’re taking a product
of stress and strain and looking at the dimensions,
stress has units of Pascals. And what’s a Pascal? A Pascal is a Newton
per square meter. Well, I can go on living
my life multiplying whatever I want by 1 and just
multiply this screen by 1. You didn’t even notice. So here we go, where I multiply
Newton per square meter by 1, meter over meter, and I
end up with a familiar term in the numerator– Newton meter. And of course in the denominator
I’ve got volume units. But what’s the Newton meter? A Newton meter is
nothing more than a joule. So we’ve now got
joules per volume as units when we
integrate under this. And that’s great because
we want an energy unit. So if we integrate under the
entire curve up to fracture, it tells us how much energy
went into fracturing that. And that includes elastic
and plastic deformation. The final thing that we
can obtain from the stress curve, is
another energy unit and it’s quite useful– it’s
a stored energy unit this time. We’ve got stress and strain. We’ve got our linear elastic
region, plastic deformation, and fracture– is
the resilience. Thus resilience
is a measure of the stored elastic strain
energy at the yield strength. So again, we know if it’s going
to be an energy term, energy per volume for a given
volume of material, we’re going to have to
integrate under the curve. And where are we
going to do it from? Well, we’ll go to
the yield strength. And we go down from there. And if we unloaded at
the yield strength– I’m going to be a little
careful about something– if we unloaded at the
yield strength, you’d find that you have
a little sliver of permanent or plastic strain. Maybe it’s close to
the 0.2% offset strain. You’d probably have some plastic
strain accumulated when we had yield. For practical purposes, we say
it’s elastic before yielding and it’s plastic after. You might have a sliver. So we’re not going to
include that if we’re going to be strict with
our definition here. And so that area there
is the resilience. And that area is
just an area of a triangle. And we know that the
area of a triangle is 1/2 base times
height, which in our case is 1/2 of– well,
what’s the base? The base is the elastic strain. And that’s good because we’re
after the stored elastic strain energy. So we’ve got strain elastic. And what’s the height? Well, the height is
the yield strength. But we can, again,
do better than this. Because if it’s elastic,
it’s the area under this– or it’s the strain underneath
this linear unloading portion. And the linear
unloading portion, we have a mathematical
equation for. We have stress equals
E times strain. It’s a straight line. So that means that
the strain is going to be equal to sigma over
E. And we fire that in here, and we find that
the resilience is– I should erase that–
the resilience is going to be 1/2 of sigma,
and this is the sigma yield. That’s what we’re using here. So that’s sigma yield
over E times sigma yield. So at the end of the day, the
resilience, which we often use this– I’ll introduce
this symbol here. The full name for this
is the modulus of resilience. And modulus is just a fancy
word for a special number. So our special number here
is the modulus of resilience. And we use the
uppercase letter U. Is 1/2 sigma yield
squared upon E– and that’s an interesting
little equation. It tells you the stored
strain energy for a material. So if you’re going to make
a material for a spring, you’d look for something with
a high modulus of resilience. And again, the units
here, the dimensions here of modulus of
resilience are going to be joules per cubic meter.
If that’s just what smelling it can do? What about eating rosemary? We have studies on alertness and cognition and reduced stress hormone levels, by inhaling rosemary. However, there were no clinical studies on cognitive performance following ingestion of rosemary. Until now, Older adults, average age 75 were given two cups of tomato juice, with either nothing or a half. A teaspoon of powdered rosemary, which is what one might use in a typical recipe, or a full teaspoon, two teaspoons, or over a tablespoon of rosemary powder, and they even gave them some placebo pills to go with it to even further eliminate any placebo effects. Speed of memory is a potentially useful predictor of cognitive function during aging, and what they found is that the lowest dose had a beneficial effect, accelerating their processing speed, but the highest dose impaired their processing speed, maybe because the half-teaspoon dose improved alertness, while the 4 Teaspoon dose decreased alertness, So rosemary powder at the dose nearest to normal, culinary consumption demonstrated positive effects on speed of memory. The implicit take-home message being more isn’t necessarily better. Take high doses of herbal supplements extracts tinctures, just cooking with spices is sufficient. A conclusion, no doubt pleasing to the spice company that sponsored the study. No side effects were reported, but that doesn’t mean you can eat the whole bush.This poor guy swallowed a rosemary twig which punctured through the stomach into his liver, causing an abscess from which 2 cups of pus and a 2-inch twig were removed, so explore herbs and spices in your cooking Branch out. Just leave the branches out.
It can be a lot easier to act busy rather than face the awkwardness of an unwanted conversation. So, this can become a habit of avoidance. If you have social anxiety, five constantly worrying about how everyone sees you. According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, those with a social anxiety disorder are increasingly concerned about how they are perceived by others. The last thing they want is to come off as awkward, fumbling, or boring. You’ve likely felt this way at some point throughout your life, whether it’s the desire to fit in with friends or make a good impression on a potential employer with social anxiety. However, this pressure to perform feels constantly heavy and can lead to full-blown panic attacks when in social or performance-based situations Number six is feeling lonely. Even when you’re surrounded by people, People with social anxiety can share this feeling with those who battle, depression and other mental illnesses as well. So, unfortunately, a lot of people can relate to this isolating feeling When social anxiety keeps you from being your true self. It can be difficult to feel included at all. It’s frustrating to be close to others, but not be able to connect with them in a comfortable way. If you’re struggling to effectively communicate and are extremely hesitant to even start a conversation that adds to your feelings of loneliness, even when you’re, surrounded by others, Number seven clenching your teeth and other physical discomforts, you feel shaky or lightheaded when faced with A social situation: Does your heart rate speed up or do your hands tremble? The stress that comes with social anxiety can manifest through physical symptoms. Many of the symptoms are signs of nervousness such as sweating, flushing, and feeling shaky According to Mayo Clinic. You might also be dealing with muscle tension, feeling that your mind has gone blank, or having trouble catching your breath. Number eight obsessing over how you look When you’re, constantly worried about how others perceive you. You’re likely to be concerned with how you look as well. You might have a distorted body image and think that you’re less physically attractive. Your thoughts can flit from your hair to your clothes or flaws in your skin. Thinking that it’s just all wrong In an attempt to feel comfortable in your own skin, you might spend an inappropriate amount of time and money on fixing your appearance, such as shopping for better clothes, getting high-end beauty products, or going on diets. If you think you’re overweight and number nine, you feel more like yourself around the people. You’re comfortable with Yourself, think you’re picky about who you spend time with, and triumph over shyness by conquering social anxiety disorder, Dr. Marie B. Stein and John R. Walker discusses behavior in children called selective mutism. This is when a child speaks and acts normally around select individuals but is completely silent around everyone else or when placed in certain situations. This is a more extreme example, but it shows how those with social anxiety are more likely to relax and open up around people. They already know and trust, do you or anyone you know resonate with any of these points mentioned in this video? If you’re concerned about social anxiety disorder, we encourage you to speak with a mental health professional. They can help you overcome any fears or debilitating problems you might have If you enjoyed watching this video, give us a thumbs up and share it with someone who might find it helpful as well. The studies and references used in this video are listed in the description below Don’t forget to hit the subscribe button for more Psych2go videos and as always thanks for watching and we’ll see you next time.
Life isn’t always kind to us, and self-love and a balanced lifestyle don’t come easily. Living with anxiety, especially if it’s hidden or suppressed, can make it hard for us to feel good about ourselves and let ourselves feel happy. It makes us believe that we don’t deserve it and traps us in a vicious cycle of negative self-talk and constant pressure to be perfect. 9. You have a lot of negative thoughts. Are you a pessimist who is quick to find the downsides in every situation? Do you find yourself getting upset or stressed out over even the most minor inconveniences? Is every day a constant battle with yourself against the spiral of panicked and rational thoughts you have? In 1997, famed psychologist and cognitive therapist, Aaron Beck, termed this kind of thought pattern as catastrophic thinking, which he often observed in his patients who suffered from anxiety. And 10. You experience physical symptoms. Sometimes anxiety can be entirely physical because while your conscious mind may not always be aware of your anxiety it will definitely make itself known to your body. Things like erratic heartbeats, chest palpitations, muscle tension, a clenched jaw, shaky hands up sweating are all indicative of anxiety. Your body may be trying to let your mind know that you’re feeling anxious and stop it before it gets any worse. Do you relate to any of the problems listed here? Or do you do your best to seem ok? And hide your symptoms because you feel embarrassed about your anxiety? The truth is: you’re not alone and having mental health issues is nothing to be ashamed of. What do you plan to do next? Let us know in the comments below! Don’t forget to like this video and subscribe to Psych2Go for more psychology content. Thanks for reading and we’ll see you soon…
However, the findings may need
to be interpreted with caution, since nearly half of the studies
didn’t define and adhere to a well-planned exercise regimen
in the control group. Furthermore, an exercise intervention
comparable in intensity to yoga was followed only in three
out of the eight studies included. And, for what it’s worth,
The majority of the studies, six out of eight, were from India. When yoga was carefully
compared to sham yoga, which consisted of chair exercises,
standing exercises, and slow walking to match
the yoga session, the relative yoga
benefits evaporated. Both yoga and sham yoga had identical effects
on blood sugar status. Hence, further well-controlled
Randomized trials are required prior to drawing conclusions
about the benefits of yoga in comparison to physical exercise
in patients with diabetes. Similar tentative conclusions were
reached for yoga for osteoarthritis. Put all the studies together
and yoga may indeed be effective for improving pain, function,
and stiffness in individuals with osteoarthritis of the knee,
compared not only to doing nothing but compared
to other kinds of exercise. They had some issues with
the quality of some of the studies, and so only a weak recommendation
for the use of yoga for osteoarthritis, but hey, if you like yoga or if yoga
is the only kind of exercise you’re willing to do, then
It’s probably better than nothing. Finally, in this video,
Let’s look at the effects of yoga compared to active and inactive
controls meaning like compared to other exercise regimens
or just like doing nothing on physical function and
health-related quality of life in adults aged 60 and older. Compared to doing nothing,
They found clear evidence that yoga improves physical function
and psychological well-being in older adults, so it definitely
better than nothing. What about compared
to other exercises? Yoga pulled ahead for lower limb
strength and lower body flexibility, but for improving balance,
mobility, and walking speed, yoga appeared comparable. Psychologically, yoga appeared
to beat out other exercises for alleviating depression
in older adults, but not anxiety or perceived
mental health in general.
If it was your best friend’s experience your best friend came to you and said I
just got into such-and-such college would you say awesome or would you say
anybody can get in there how would that go ask them what is scary about
accepting these positive things that you might have had an
accomplishment for some people it means that it might mean other people expect
more of them for other people they just don’t know how to accept the positive
They don’t know how to accept compliments they don’t know how to be
the center of attention and they don’t like it and then we want to look at why
that is sometimes we disqualify the positive because it fails to meet
someone else’s standards so as people might that be true here you know I know
When I was growing up and going through college and going through school and
everything got my doctorate but I will always not being not
a real doctor because a Ph.D. is not an MD and I’m like really
So is it somebody else’s standards or can I feel good about having a Ph.D. egocentrism My perspective is the only
perspective I’ll being egocentric but it doesn’t work
most of the time so encouraging people to take alternate perspectives
Maybe you’re texting with someone and they say something that is not what you
interpret as not the nicest thing and this happens in text messages a lot and
they get upset now an egocentric thinking error would say that purse is
just grumpy today Someone who’s taking other perspectives would stop and go
back and read the text and go I wonder if maybe this could have been taken some
other another you know obvious reaction is not what I intended
So egocentrism if you hold on to that I don’t understand anybody else because
You know I don’t see a problem with anything personalizing and mind-reading This is when you assume that everybody’s
frowning because of something you did your boss walks down the hallway
and looks at you and grimaces and continues to walk on oh I must have done
something wrong No maybe he just got out of his senior management meeting that
was five hours long and he’s got to go to the bathroom you know there could be
a hundred different explanations for why that happened so encourage clients to
ask themselves what some alternate explanations for this event that are
doesn’t involve me you know why this might have happened if they hold
on to that, I must have done something wrong but as soon as their boss calls
them up and goes hey can you come to my office for a second you know where their
thoughts are going to go I’m getting fired I’m going to get laid off I don’t
know what it was that I did wrong but he walked by me two weeks ago in the
hallway and grimaced and I’m just I’m the worst person in the whole world
But where did that come from so encouraging people to not necessarily
assume they know what’s going on in someone else’s mind and not
automatically attributing every person’s negative behavior to something they did
How often and then ask them how often has it been about you
now think about the last 10 times you’ve taken something personally how many of
Those 10 times has it been about something you did versus something with
the other person then the availability heuristic remembering what’s most
prominent in your mind so asking clients what the facts ah the most obvious
One that we talk about is plane crashes You know it is very dangerous to fly on a
plane because you hear about all those plane crashes well yeah you hear about
the airlines crashes but don’t hear about the 20,000 every day that land
safely so you remember it and it seems more dangerous because that’s what is in
your mind that’s what is available to you that’s what you’ve based your
thought processes on because maybe you didn’t know that 20,000 planes or more
fly and land just perfectly every day this can also be true with people
remembering what’s most prominent in your mind sometimes and this can be very
very true in domestically violent relationships if somebody falls in love
with someone and that person is just the greatest person since sliced bread for
the first four months and then the cycle starts and there’s this little tiny
a sliver of the honeymoon period after the battering cycle and the person’s like
That’s the person I fell in love with that’s what I remember and they try to
focus on that that’s most prominent in their mind and they ignore the rest of
the stuff so we need to encourage people to look objectively at the facts magnifying high and
low probability outcomes what are the chances that this is going to happen how
Many clients have worked with have gone to the doctor and gotten into a
physical or get a test run and then the doctor had to call them back and
This could be true for you too and the doctor had to call them back two or
Three days later when the tests came back from the lab and that whole three
days they were just in a panic because they
were afraid they were going to get some terminal diagnosis so thinking about
high and low probability outcomes another instance or example of
magnification is somebody that thinks this is the end of the world whatever it
I think I’ve told you before my little story about um tripping when I
was walking down the hall at work and falling and yeah it was embarrassing my
folders went everywhere and yeah but in that big scheme of things will it matter
That much from now you know are people going to think Oh she is such a clutch she
must be a ditz too no I mean they may have thought that at that time I don’t
know but you know in six months nobody’s going to remember and then ask them in
the past when something like this has happened when you’ve had to get a test
done and you’ve had to wait on results or if you’ve done something that was
embarrassing and you didn’t think you thought everybody was going to remember
it forever how did you tolerate it how did you learn to deal with it building
on those strengths that they already have all-or-nothing thinking errors
These are things like love versus hate I love them or I hate them it’s all or
Nothing she does this all the time or she never does it if I’m going to do it
I’m going to do it perfectly or I’m not going to do it at all thank you all good
intentions or all bad intentions you know sometimes we do things with good
intentions that have some bad repercussions so did we do it with all
Bad intentions are all good intentions and the answer is neither most of the
time life is kind of in that middle-ground gray area encouraging clients to
Look and find examples where something hasn’t been one of the polls when have
they done something that they’re proud of that wasn’t perfect or when again
When has somebody else done something that they were proud of that wasn’t
perfect remembering that with availability
heuristic remembering how often something happens and how long it’s
been since you’ve seen that behavior and remember that sometimes good times are
amazing but how frequent are they compared with the bad times another thinking error is a belief in a
just world or a fallacy of fairness I just asked clients to identify for good
people you know who’ve had bad things happen and in in reality we all have bad
things happen good people do bad people do in between people do attributional
errors and this is a pet of mine you know labeling yourself is not a behavior so
global versus specific and I am stupid versus I’m stupid at math I don’t have
good math skills it’s not about me it’s about the skills I can change skills
stable I am and I always will be versus it’s something I can change it’s
something I can learn internally It’s about me as a person versus it’s about a
skill deficit or something I could learn or change and there’s you know lots of
information on attributions out there on the internet if you need a refresher on
it but we find that a lot of people who have dysphoria have negative global
stable internal attributions so questions for clients remember the
beliefs equal thoughts and facts plus personal interpretation another way of
saying it is reality is 10% perception is 10% reality and 90% interpretation so
what are the facts for and against my belief is the belief based on facts or
Feelings Does the belief focus on one aspect or the whole situation Does the
belief seem to use any thinking errors what are alternate explanations what
Would you tell your child or best friend if they had this belief how would you
want someone to tell what would you want someone to tell you about this belief so
If you’re telling somebody about this what are you hoping they’re going to say
in return and finally, how is this belief moving you toward what and who is
important to you or moving you away from what or who is important to you now they
can do a worksheet and have all of these or you can pick one or two of these
questions that are most salient for your clients but they can have kind of at
their fingertips so as they’re going through the day and something happens
They can ask themselves ok what’s an alternate explanation Or you know
Whatever it is this salient for that client’s irrational thoughts how do these
thoughts impact the client’s emotions health relationships and perceptions of
the world you know this is what we want to ask them How is this thought
impacting you globally how may this thought have been helpful in the past
Where did it come from How does it make sense from when you formed it in the
past when you’re dealing with it ask the person if the thought is bringing you
closer to those that are important Are there any examples of this thought or
belief not being true and how can the statement be made less global less
all-encompassing so it’s about a specific incident a specific situation
less stable which means you can change it and less internal which means it’s
not about who you are as a person but maybe something that you do or a skill
that you have so we’re going to go through some of these thoughts real
Quickly here mistakes are never acceptable and if I make one it means
that I’m incompetent well never is kind of stable and I am incompetent is kind
of global, that’s also that extreme all-or-nothing thinking so you can see
where these cognitive distortions end up leading to unhelpful beliefs
When somebody disagrees with me it’s a personal attack Well there’s
Personalization If I ever heard it before maybe it’s not about you may be
They’re having a bad day and you just happen to be the unlucky target or maybe
they’re disagreeing with you because they have a different point of view and
It’s not a personal attack it’s just their point of view If someone
criticizes or rejects me there must be something wrong with me
personalization all-or-nothing thinking global stable and internal something
wrong with me as a person to feel good about myself others must approve of me
Now this is one we’ve talked about external validation before and we can’t
control other people to feel good about yourself how can you do that
Besides necessarily requiring other people to approve of you to be
content in life I must be liked by all people Wow I’ve never met anybody who’s
liked by all people I’ve never even met anybody who’s been hated by all people
but it’s important to help clients see how this is dramatic to say all
people and for them to be content everybody has to like them
I mean I like to be liked but if everybody doesn’t like me you know
That’s pretty understandable My true value as an individual depends on what
others think of me I would challenge this one this is all you know
Also very personally I would challenge people to look at and say it
so your child’s value as an individual depends on what other people think of
Most people would say no but the perspective thing nothing ever turns
out the way you want it to okay all-or-nothing thinking and probably
availability heuristic if something bad just happened then they may be focusing
on that which causes them to focus on all the other bad things in the past
that have happened not to focus on that is okay you know bad thing
happen but look at all these good things I won’t try anything new unless I will
be good at it this fear of failure fear of rejection
It just really paralyzes a lot of people when they get stuck with that thinking
the area that they have to be perfect I am in total control of anything bad that
happens is my fault well that’s egocentric and personal if
They think they’re in total control that’s their perception of how the world
Do they think if they’ve got everybody on marionette strings anything
bad in the world that happens is their fault how powerful are they
I feel happy about uh if I feel happy about life something will go wrong
It happens sometimes but let’s look at times when you’ve been happy that
something hasn’t gone wrong you know let’s get rid of that all-or-nothing
thinking it’s not my fault my life didn’t go the way I wanted could be true
but it seems like that’s making you unhappy so what do we do about that if
I’m not in an intimate relationship I’m alone
No, again that’s pretty extreme I’m either in an intimate relationship or I
am alone and a loner and you know it’s just me and my 17 cats which follows
with there’s no gray area so encouraging people to look at what these
beliefs are saying important thoughts impact behaviors and emotional and
Physical reactions emotional and physical reactions impact thoughts and
interpretations of events so if you do something and it’s pleasurable
and you have a great physical reaction you know let’s take bungee jumping or
Skydiving if you go out there and it’s scary but you do it and you’re just like
Whoa what a rush Your interpretation of that is probably going to be good which
means you’ll probably do it again if you go out there and it’s just the most
horrible experience you’ve ever had you’re probably not going to do it again
and your interpretation of it is going to be not good which is going to make it
hard to understand why other people would do it irrational
thinking patterns are often caused by cognitive distortions so let’s just look
back at some of those because there are a lot fewer cognitive distortions or
general ways of thinking about the world then there are thinking errors because
There are lots and lots of thinking errors Cognitive distortions are often schemas
which were formed based on faulty inaccurate or immature knowledge or
understanding and by identifying the thoughts of the hecklers you know the
automatic tapes that maintain our unhappiness the person can choose
whether to accept those thoughts or change them.