Author: Leaman Ralph

Really sugar is shaky because it originates from a straight stick see the play is Granny yes Grandma plus new style luv MaryJane so listen (Granny Apple last years blue ribbon production winner AKA) I, I, I ain't on the right side of my house Jane something or the other is in my room: finally after an extermination Grannie speaks once more "let my (old man) Pacman step on it". See it is home on the range so solo as it be truity speaks got a problem it is your own. But alter scenario: Z/n time; narcotics I got that candy s.p.ee..d360 Bar itch its' and Mickey Mouse for the Sultan 7 1 4er well a hem a hem, it went early in the morning like a smack chanting sugar structure 7 -one 1 +eleven and 4 do an ate 'er 8 eight 'er? Well that aint nice. NARCO says do you know them numbers change (response) Yes it is a FiX they are MF's Ope yeah Ope Douglas is it. Surrounded by Alkaloid is both Mary and Grandma in an never ending circle of membership. French mandates declare put up their dukes... ZEN Pepsi can talk half Chocolate and your ole man Pacman down in Cuba posing as the worlds one and only Coffee Wizard "back 1:1" tis Coffee time... ||

Why Depression Isn’t Just a Chemical Imbalance

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GAC9ODvSxh0
[ ♪INTRO ] Chances are that you or someone you care about has experienced depression.
00:00:06
It’s one of the most common mental health problems in the US.
00:00:10
Around 16% of American adults will suffer from depression at some point in their life. Given how much we talk about and treat depression, it might seem like we’ve got it figured out, from a scientific perspective.
00:00:21
But we do not understand as much about it as you might think.
00:00:25
Especially what’s actually going on in your brain when you’re depressed.
00:00:29
Doctors have defined depression, or at least agreed on a set of criteria to diagnose it. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders, also known as the DSM, is the handbook healthcare professionals use to diagnose mental disorders.
00:00:43
And the latest edition of the DSM lays out two key symptoms of depression. The first is feeling sad or depressed.
00:00:50
But many depression sufferers experience this more as a lack of feeling, or numbness, rather than sadness. The second is a loss of interest or pleasure in activities that are normally enjoyable.
00:01:01
You have to have at least one of these key symptoms, as well as 3-4 additional symptoms consistently, to be diagnosed with depression.
00:01:09
Additional symptoms can include unpleasant things like: feeling worthless, difficulty sleeping or sleeping too much, difficulty concentrating and making decisions, or suicidal thoughts. Not all of your symptoms need to be severe, but as a group they can make it harder for you to function at work or school, in your relationships, or just in life.
00:01:28
We know that depression isn’t simply a bad mood that you can snap out of — something is not functioning correctly in your brain. The question is what? One widespread impression among the public is that depression is caused by having too little serotonin. But that’s an oversimplification at best.
00:01:47
Serotonin is a neurotransmitter — a chemical that neurons use to signal each other.
00:01:51
When a neuron signals its neighbor, it releases a neurotransmitter, like serotonin, into the synapse — the space between itself and its neighbor.
00:02:00
The serotonin molecules diffuse across the synapse and bind to their receptors on the neighboring neuron, transmitting the signal.
00:02:07
Then the signalling neuron reabsorbs — or re-uptakes — its serotonin.
00:02:12
Some of the most commonly used medications for depression are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, or SSRIs.
00:02:19
SSRIs reduce the reuptake of serotonin, which increases the amount of serotonin hanging around synapses. But how these medications work and sometimes don’t work show that a lack of serotonin isn’t the only thing happening in the depressive brain.
00:02:36
If that were true, you’d expect that SSRI medications to work pretty quickly, and to work for everyone with depression — but they don’t.
00:02:43
Even though serotonin concentrations may go up right away when you take an SSRI, it can still take weeks for people to start feeling better.
00:02:51
That is, if they even start feeling better at all. SSRIs simply don’t work for all patients.
00:02:57
Research has identified a few other potential factors that could help us better treat depression. First off, serotonin isn’t the only neurotransmitter that plays a role.
00:03:07
Research has shown that at least 5 other neurotransmitters could be involved, all of which serve many different functions in the brain and elsewhere in the body — it’s complicated! And the structure of our brains matters too — not just the chemicals inside them.
00:03:21
Certain regions of the brain, and the connections between them, have been shown to be altered in depression. The amygdala, which helps us process emotions, and the hippocampus, which has a role in memory storage, are among the brain regions that undergo structural changes in some patients with depression. Changes like having a different size compared to people without depression, though we’re not sure what that means exactly yet.
00:03:45
And rather than merely changing the levels of certain neurotransmitters, studies have shown that antidepressants can actually help new neurons grow in certain parts of the brain. Which may be one reason why SSRI medications typically take so long to work.
00:04:00
Your brain could be growing new neurons, not just responding to a short-term change in chemical messengers. There’s likely a genetic component to depression as well.
00:04:10
There is some evidence that depression can run in families, though the association isn’t particularly strong.
00:04:15
A 2018 genome-wide study sampled a huge pool of genes in people with and without depression. It found 44 variants that seem to be associated with depression.
00:04:26
These so-called “genes of interest” included genes previously shown to have a role in the growth of neurons — as well as some surprises, like genes previously shown to be involved in immune system function.
00:04:37
But it’s unlikely that a particular gene or genes cause depression on their own. More likely, it could be the result of how your personal set of genes interacts with your environment and your experiences.
00:04:50
Some studies have found that variants in certain genes can interact with major stressful events in childhood to affect the rate of depression in adults.
00:04:57
But not all studies find such strong links between our genes and our environment. It’s still an active area of study.
00:05:04
So depression is hard to figure out.
00:05:06
There are so many factors involved, and they all interact with each other — from genetics and environment, to the chemistry and structure of the brain.
00:05:14
The good news is that even though we don’t entirely understand how depression works, we still have ways to treat it that help lots of people.
00:05:21
You don’t have to know exactly how an existing medication or treatment works to know that it does work — that patients may respond to it and feel better.
00:05:30
Meanwhile, scientists are still working to tease out the many, intertwined causes of depression to develop new treatments. So there’s hope on the horizon. Even when you can’t see it.
00:05:40
Thanks for watching this episode of SciShow Psych, which was supported by our community of patrons. To learn more, check out patreon.com/scishow.
00:05:48
[ ♪OUTRO ]
Source : Youtube

How Depression Affects The Brain – Yale Medicine Explains

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BZOLxSQwER8
♪♪♪ – The current standard of care for the treatment of depression is based on what we call the monoamine deficiency hypothesis. Essentially presuming that one of three neurotransmitters in the brain is deficient or underactive.
00:00:24
– Neurotransmitters can be thought of as the chemical messengers within the brain. It’s what helps one cell in the brain communicate with another to pass that message along.
00:00:32
– But the reality is there are more than a hundred neurotransmitters in the brain and billions of connections between neurons.
00:00:39
So we know that that’s a limited hypothesis. – For decades, we thought that the primary pathology, the primary cause of depression was some abnormality in these neuro-transmitters, specifically serotonin or norepinephrine.
00:00:58
– However, norepinephrine and serotonin did not seem to be able to account for the symptoms of depression in people who had major depression.
00:01:08
Instead, the chemical messengers between the nerve cells in the higher centers of the brain involved in regulating mood and emotion, which include glutamate and GABA, were possibilities as alternative causes for the symptoms of depression. – We know that these two, which are the most ubiquitous and abundant neurotransmitters in the brain, actually regulate how the brain is changing over time and adapting. – When you are exposed to severe and chronic stress like people experience when they have depression, you lose some of this connections between the nerve cells and the communication in these circuits becomes inefficient and noisy.
00:01:56
Because of the noisy communication in the circuits involved in regulating mood and emotion, we think that the loss of these synaptic connections contributes to the biology of depression.
00:02:19
– It’s critical to understand the neurobiology of depression and how the brain plays a role in that for two main reasons. One, it helps us understand how the disease develops and progresses and we can start to target treatments based on that. – There are clear differences between a healthy brain and a depressed brain. And the exciting thing is when you treat that depression effectively, the brain goes back to looking like a healthy brain.
00:02:47
– We recognize that the treatment for depression is a longterm process because for many people depression is a longterm disorder.
00:02:56
So we need new treatments.
00:02:58
We’ve needed new ways to approach depression for people that haven’t responded well to their prior treatments.
00:03:05
– We are in a new era of psychiatry. This is a paradigm shift away from a model of monoaminergic deficiency to a fuller understanding of the brain as a complex neurochemical organ.
Source : Youtube

Improve Your Memory In 4 Minutes

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B4-iM846k_0

00:00:01
– [Jessica] We all wish we were better at remembering something, but many of us use the excuse that– – My brain can only hold so much information. – [Jessica] Or.
00:00:09
– I’m just really bad at remembering names.
00:00:11
– Turns out there’s no such thing as a terrible memory, only an untrained one.
00:00:16
(upbeat music) For a national poll, 800 Americans were asked if they had forgotten one of these things in the last week.
00:00:27
Results showed that forgetting someone’s name was one of the most common memory lapses. – [Man] The biggest reason why we’re bad at remembering names is because we often don’t hear the name. – [Jessica] That is Kevin Horsley.
00:00:38
He is one of the few memory champions in the world to complete the Mt. Everest of memory challenges which involves memorizing 10,000 digits of Pi. – [Kevin] You’ve had this experience before.
00:00:49
You meet someone, and they say their name is John. You don’t hear the name, and just move on. And you come back like, “What was his name again?” Because you actually didn’t hear it in the first place. – [Jessica] 90% of the information we receive is visual, so we store more images in our memory than sounds which makes it harder to recognize and remember names when we first hear them.
00:01:10
– [Kevin] The first thing you have to do is concentrate and make a point of hearing the name, then, you have 20 seconds to give that name some kind of meaning to make it stick. – [Jessica] The best trick to give meaning to a name is to transform it into a silly picture. For example, when you hear the name Horsley, you can picture a horse and Bruce Lee.
00:01:33
For the name Orwig, maybe picture an oar wearing a wig. The more ridiculous looking the image the better. – [Kevin] It sticks in your mind because we don’t remember things that are logical.
00:01:45
We remember things that are illogical. So, what you do is you stick it in your memory in an illogical way, and afterwards you can think about it logically.
00:01:56
– Once you can creatively picture any new information, you’re ready for the next trick.
00:02:01
Horsley calls it by a few names: the Body Method, the Car Method, and the Journey.
00:02:06
– [Kevin] They all work on the same principle that they are all things that are in your long-term memory. You know exactly what your body looks like.
00:02:14
You know exactly what your car looks like. You don’t have to think about it.
00:02:18
– The trick is to imprint new information onto old knowledge.
00:02:22
And what you’re really doing here is creating new synaptic connections in your brain, which makes it easier to remember new information, and then convert into long-term memory.
00:02:31
For example, let’s trying learning all of the films that won the Oscars for Best Picture in the 90s using our body. Let’s start with our feet.
00:02:39
So, in 1990 the film that won Best Picture for that year was Dances with Wolves.
00:02:43
You can picture yourself wearing wolf-shaped slippers and dancing in them.
00:02:48
(upbeat music) Okay, in ’91, Silence of the Lambs won Best Picture, so your knees are knocking together in fear making a lot of noise, so you grab a lamb-shaped pillow to silence them. Moving up your body to your waist.
00:03:04
In ’92, Unforgiven won Best Picture.
00:03:06
So, picture a belt that’s really tight wrapped around your waist.
00:03:10
It’s really uncomfortable and unforgiving. And as you move down the list, you move up your body. Once you have the hang of it, you can use other settings to store, not just lists, but libraries of knowledge. Take a mental journey through your room, or home, to learn all 197 capitals of the world, for example.
00:03:29
– [Kevin] The journey is what all memory champions are using. This method may seem silly, but what it does is it impacts your memory.
00:03:37
So, it’s going to be easier for you to repeat it, then, it’s going to be easier for you to use it, and then, you won’t be thinking about these silly images anymore. – [Jessica] Like anything in life, improving your memory takes practice, but the more you learn, the more connections you can build making it easier to learn even more.
00:03:55
So, the possibilities are endless. Take Horsley, for example, as a child he had issues with dyslexia. By the time he graduated high school, he was reading at a speed of about a five-year-old. Shortly after graduation, however, he got interested in memory. Today, he reads one book a day, speaks three languages fluently, and has earned the coveted title of International Grandmaster of Memory. – [Kevin] For me, it’s been a journey.
00:04:22
I’ve been studying this for almost 30 years, and everyday I’m still learning something new when it comes to memory.
00:04:29
(soft music)
Source : Youtube

How To Increase Your Brain Power | 5 Effective Tips To Improve Memory | Letstute

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X9P4029u-dc
Hello friends.
00:00:01
Few days ago, we made a video on five habits that damage the brain. And that video got an amazing response.
00:00:07
But many of our viewers wanted to know about five habits that boosts our brain power. So here it is today.
00:00:13
In this video, we are going to give you five habits that enhance brain power. So let’s start tip number one, follow Mediterranean diet.
00:00:21
A traditional Mediterranean diet consists of loads of fresh fruits, veggies, whole grains, legumes, nuts, fish, healthy fats like olive oil, Etc. It has been proven that it improves your brain health.
00:00:34
So do include a Mediterranean diet in your diet plan. Tip, number two, learn an instrument.
00:00:40
It has been proven that learning to play a musical instrument changes brain waves with Boost listening and hearing skills over a short period of time.
00:00:50
Basically playing an instrument turns on every single area of the brain. Simultaneously.
00:00:56
This can result in Long positive changes in your brain tip number three play games according to research, complex brain teasers, which include readjusting strategies and complex planning, helps in increasing memory playing games like chess, Sudoku, crossword puzzles will lead to structural changes because of which your brain gets sharpened. Tip number four, eat dark chocolate.
00:01:20
Yes, you heard it right? Consuming dark chocolates can make you smarter according to research consuming flavanol. Cocoa 45 days improves blood flow to the brain.
00:01:30
Also, consumption of cocoa May significantly improve cognitive in older adults with mild cognitive impairment tip number five, meditation, meditating daily for at least 10 to 15 minutes extends cognitive lonja tea.
00:01:45
And also it decreases stress level.
00:01:47
So these were the scientifically proven tips to enhance a brain power. We hope you like this video for more such videos subscribe our Channel and press the Bell icon to get notified. Thank you.
Source : Youtube

What causes headaches? – Dan Kwartler

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KpHP8VmxnBo

00:00:07
In ancient Greece, headaches were considered powerful afflictions. Victims prayed for relief from Asclepius, the god of medicine. And if pain continued, a medical practitioner would perform the best-known remedy— drilling a small hole in the skull to drain supposedly infected blood. This dire technique, called trepanation, often replaced the headache with a more permanent condition.
00:00:35
Fortunately, doctors today don’t resort to power tools to cure headaches. But we still have a lot to learn about this ancient ailment. Today, we’ve classified headaches into two camps— primary headaches and secondary headaches.
00:00:50
The former are not symptomatic of an underlying disease, injury, or condition; they are the condition.
00:00:57
But we’ll come back to them in a minute because while primary headaches account for 50% of reported cases, we actually know much more about secondary headaches. These are caused by other health problems, with triggers ranging from dehydration and caffeine withdrawal to head and neck injury, and heart disease.
00:01:17
Doctors have classified over 150 diagnosable types, all with different potential causes, symptoms, and treatments.
00:01:27
But we’ll take just one common case —a sinus infection—as an example. The sinuses are a system of cavities that spread behind our foreheads, noses, and upper cheeks. When our sinuses are infected, our immune response heats up the area, roasting the bacteria and inflaming the cavities well past their usual size. The engorged sinuses put pressure on the cranial arteries and veins, as well as muscles in the neck and head.
00:01:57
Their pain receptors, called nociceptors, trigger in response, cueing the brain to release a flood of neuropeptides that inflame the cranial blood vessels, swelling and heating up the head. This discomfort, paired with hyper-sensitive head muscles, creates the sore, throbbing pain of a headache. Not all headache pain comes from swelling.
00:02:20
Tense muscles and inflamed, sensitive nerves cause varying degrees of discomfort in each headache.
00:02:27
But all cases are reactions to some cranial irritant. While the cause is clear in secondary headaches, the origins of primary headaches remain unknown. Scientists are still investigating potential triggers for the three types of primary headaches: recurring, long-lasting migraines; intensely painful, rapid-fire cluster headaches; and, most common of all, the tension headache. As the name suggests, tension headaches are known for creating the sensation of a tight band squeezed around the head. These headaches increase the tenderness of the pericranial muscles, which then painfully pulse with blood and oxygen.
00:03:09
Patients report stress, dehydration, and hormone changes as triggers, but these don’t fit the symptoms quite right. For example, in dehydration headaches, the frontal lobe actually shrinks away from the skull, creating forehead swelling that doesn’t match the location of the pain in tension headaches. Scientists have theories for what the actual cause is, ranging from spasming blood vessels to overly sensitive nociceptors, but no one knows for sure.
00:03:39
Meanwhile, most headache research is focused on more severe primary headaches. Migraines are recurring headaches, which create a vise-like sensation on the skull that can last from four hours to three days.
00:03:53
In 20% of cases, these attacks are intense enough to overload the brain with electrical energy, which hyper-excites sensory nerve endings.
00:04:03
This produces hallucinations called auras, which can include seeing flashing lights and geometric patterns and experiencing tingling sensations. Cluster headaches, another primary headache type, cause burning, stabbing bursts of pain behind one eye, leading to a red eye, constricted pupil, and drooping eyelid. What can be done about these conditions, which dramatically affect many people’s quality of life? Tension headaches and most secondary cases can be treated with over-the-counter pain medications, such as anti-inflammatory drugs that reduce cranial swelling. And many secondary headache triggers, like dehydration, eye strain, and stress, can be proactively avoided.
00:04:49
Migraines and cluster headaches are more complicated, and we haven’t yet discovered reliable treatments that work for everyone. But thankfully, pharmacologists and neurologists are hard at work cracking these pressing mysteries that weigh so heavily on our minds.
Source : Youtube

How to Deal With Intrusive Thoughts

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=laeYq51SYA0

00:00:02
Today we’re going to be talking about intrusive thoughts That’s a broad term for stuff that you don’t like that pops into your head They’re more than just thoughts – you might define them as thoughts or memories, images, urges, voices, feelings, unicorns… When I say “intrusive thoughts” in this video, I’m actually talking about all of the intrusive stuff in your head And what we’re going to look at in this video is a theory for understanding why your brain gives you intrusive thoughts, and how you can get rid of them.
00:00:28
Your brain is your best frenemie It actually really likes you and it wants to give you gifts Your brain is constantly giving you gifts most of the time you just ignore these gifts like you ignore clouds passing overhead But sometimes you focus in on one of these gifts (“That’s bad”) You judge it, It makes you feel uncertain, It’s scary you focus lots of your time, and energy on it as you try to get rid of it And you do get rid of it, and you feel really good about that and that makes your brain happy (“yay”) Cuz it’s found a way to make you happy and help you get what you want If you really like resolving uncertainties and escaping your fears and getting rid of intrusive thoughts Then all your brain has to do is give you more of those so you can spend more time and energy getting rid of them And getting those feelings you want the more you want those feelings of relief from fear and anxiety – The more your brain is gonna give you opportunities to chase those feelings you so desperately want. This is all normal animal learning behavior: When you get the things you want, Dopamine neurons release Dopamine that binds to receptors around your brain It makes you feel good (“yay”) then your brains powerful pattern recognition machinery Kicks into action When you engage in compulsions to get rid of intrusive thoughts and other feelings you don’t like, you create a pattern.
00:01:40
As brains notice patterns, Dopamine neurons light up earlier and earlier along the Pattern in anticipation of reward So what are you teaching your brain is the prerequisite to feeling good: Experiencing intrusive thoughts – feeling bad and engaging in compulsions So it gives you more of them.
00:01:57
If you really want to get rid of the intrusive thoughts, Stop trying to get rid of them, break the pattern If you react to an intrusive thought with the coping a checking or controlling compulsion Then you’re training your brain to have that thought more But our brains are very economical. They don’t waste time throwing stuff at us that we don’t engage with. If you accept the stuff in your head is stuff in your head and you stick to your values, and you do healthy things, your brain is gonna stop throwing that stuff at you. You are not a dog – you don’t have to chase every stick your brain throws at you If you stop chasing the sticks, your brain will stop throwing them. It’s okay to have stuff in your head you don’t like you can have thoughts and memories and urges and voices and images and fears and anything you don’t like.
00:02:36
You can have all of that bouncing around up there, and you can DO healthy things that align with your values They help you be healthy and happy over the long term and reach your goals in life.
00:02:46
Let your brain think what it wants to think, and take it along for the ride as you achieve your goals in life And you show your brain what you actually wanted to think about
Source : Youtube

Subtraction “Across the Zeros” 4th Grade Math Lightboard

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hTRnOJ3Z5sQ

00:00:07
All right today we were going to work on subtraction mainly with working with zeros even the brightest students can have trouble sometimes with regrouping with zeros all right I want to show you four different examples this one I’ve
00:00:23
just copied over here and this is going to be my example of what not to do I see some of my brightest students do this they’ll take this first number and they know they have to regroup and they make this a 14 to start with and then they
00:00:38
say 14 minus 8 is 6 this is an absolute no-no and this is why if you do that you may forget that you need to borrow next-door so always borrow before you can spend it’s like going to the store you can’t spend money you don’t have
00:00:58
so borrow first and then spend it watch this so here’s what to do you know you cannot take 8 from 4 so borrow next-door you cannot borrow from a 0 go to the next group over here borrow 1 from 7 is 6 now
00:01:21
when you’re going across a 0 it always becomes a 9 technically you know it’s a 10 and then you borrow one and make it a 9 which is one less but anytime you go across a 0 just make it a 9 and save yourself a step now we have the 10 that
00:01:43
now we can spend the money we can put the 10 on the 4 and it can become 14 this is the proper way in the proper order to be able to regroup do not do this you’ll forget and you’ll be sorry all right so here goes 14 minus 8 is 6 9
00:02:07
minus 3 is 6 can you take 8 from 6 now we are going to have to borrow again do it right here then six with one less than six is five and ten more from six over on this column is 16 16 minus 8 is
00:02:28
8 and 5 minus 5 is 0 so our final answer is 866 so you notice on the first example the thing to remember is when you go across a zero make it a nine let’s look at this example the zero is in a different spot let’s see if it
00:02:50
makes a difference we’re going to take five away from zero you can’t go next door make it one less the 7 becomes six oh we’re not going across the zero we’re stopping at zero when you stop at zero it becomes a 10 every time now 10 minus
00:03:10
5 is 5 move on to the next column can you take 9 from 6 no you can’t borrow next door this becomes one less which is a 2 now add 10 to the 1 right here this becomes 16 16 minus 9 is 7 go to the next column can you take 6 from – no you
00:03:37
cannot borrow next door make the 4 one less add your 10 to the 2 which is 12 now 12 minus 6 is 6 and 3 minus 2 is 1 now the thing I want you to learn from this example is when you stop at 0 it becomes a 10 remember here when you go
00:04:02
across it is a 9 let’s look at the next example the 0 is moving the 0 now is in a different spot it can be in any location let’s see what if this is going to be an example of going across or let’s see if it’s going to be one where
00:04:20
we stopped 9 minus 6 take away a borrow the next door it becomes one less now the six is six plus 10 which is 16 16 minus 9 is 7 3 minus 3 is 0 moving right along 6 can you take 6 from 0 no you cannot
00:04:44
make the 8 a 7 this becomes 10 more now we’re stopping at the zero we’re not going across to borrow for another column are we so this would be a case of stopping at the 0 right so stop at the zero it becomes a 10 10 minus 6 is 4 7
00:05:08
minus 7 is 0 I bet you’re getting the hang of it let’s look at this next example here are a lot of zeros for can you take 4 from zero no can you borrow no can you borrow no you have to go all the way over to the thousands column to
00:05:28
borrow benign becomes one less it becomes an 8 now here’s the fun part we’re going across the zero right this one becomes a you got it 9 we’re going across another zero what is it now yes it’s still a 9 now we’re stopping at
00:05:50
this zero it’s going to be a 10 yes 10 minus 4 is 6 9 minus 2 is 7 9 minus 6 is 3 and 8 minus 5 is 3 if you will remember going across make it a 9 stop at 10 or 2 stop at the zero and it makes it a 10 all right it will help you with
Source : Youtube

What’s Inside an Atom? Protons, Electrons, and Neutrons!

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e9GuJUaX0UM
Atoms make up everything, but what makes up atoms? Protons, electrons and neutrons. There are a 118 different kinds of atoms which are each the smallest part of an element If we observe elements like gold, carbon, and oxygen we can see that they have very different properties that don’t look or act the same. But why are they so different? Well it comes down to what’s inside their atoms. As you can see here atoms are made of just three types of tiny particles called protons, electrons, and neutrons, and each of these tiny particles does something special. For example, it’s the number of protons inside an atom that makes each element different. If we look at the periodic table the first element hydrogen has one proton.
00:01:27
The second element helium has two protons, and the third element lithium has three protons. This goes on all the way up to the hundred and eighteenth element Oganesson, which has… that’s right a hundred and eighteen protons in its nucleus. By the way the number of protons in an atom is also called its atomic number, which you can see here on the periodic table of elements now electrons are much smaller than protons, and they zip around protons at lightning speed, making up something called an electron cloud around the atom. Electrons do this because they have a negative electrical charge, which always pulls towards the protons positive electrical charge. This pull between the positive protons and the negative electrons is called the electric force, and it’s always there. so whenever a free electron gets close enough to a lonely proton -zap- they’ll become part of the same atom. That’s why all the (stable) elements have the same number of electrons and protons.
00:02:57
So why do atoms need neutrons? Well without neutrons the electric force will cause the positively charged protons to push each other out of the atom. But there’s a stronger force that exists between neutrons and protons, which stops the protons from flying apart. It’s called the strong nuclear force, or strong force for short, and it kind of works like glue to hold the nucleus together. If there were no neutrons everything would simply be hydrogen.
Source : Youtube

How to Think Yourself Happy – The Power of Positivity

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HQR1_PKJOE4
Brainy Dose Presents: How to Think Yourself Happy – The Power of Positivity So you want to be happier, but all the self-help books and articles, motivational speakers and life coaches in the world can’t seem to help you.
00:00:15
Well, maybe it’s not them; maybe it’s you.
00:00:19
And while the idea of thinking yourself happy might sound like a tall order, it’s really not as difficult as you may think.
00:00:26
The first step is to acknowledge that your thoughts are powerful and they can make or break your mood.
00:00:32
This means that in order to change anything about yourself, including how happy you are, you need to start with your own mind.
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So, if you’re someone who struggles with negative self-talk, pessimism, or worry, then this video is for you.
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Here are 8 ways you can think yourself happy! Number 1 – Think Positively It’s important to have a positive outlook on life. But sometimes it can be hard to maintain a positive attitude when you’re going through hard times.
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We’ve all experienced those moments where we feel like nothing is going our way and we just want to give up.
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But here’s the thing, if you want to think yourself happy, then you’re going to need to learn how to stay positive whenever possible.
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That means that even when things aren’t going well, you must find something good in each situation and focus on that, instead of dwelling on what’s wrong. This might seem like an impossible feat at first, but with practice it’ll get easier and easier until eventually it becomes second nature. Number 2 – Think Optimistically Optimism is not about pretending that everything is rosy and good.
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It’s actually the belief that things will get better and that good things will happen. It’s about seeing the glass half full instead of half empty. Optimism is really just a choice you make.
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When you decide to think optimistically, you’re choosing to focus on what’s working instead of what isn’t.
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You’re choosing to be grateful instead of bitter or resentful. You’re choosing hope instead of despair.
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And those choices add up! Number 3 – Think Creatively When you’re feeling down, it can be hard to imagine that there’s another way of looking at things, especially when you feel like nothing is going right. But if you force yourself to come up with new ways of thinking about your situation, you’ll find that it can help you feel a whole lot better.
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If there’s something in your life that makes you unhappy, a job, a relationship, whatever it may be, don’t turn it into a resentment against yourself or anyone else. Instead, try thinking about how you can make it work for everyone involved.
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When you think creatively, you’re not just thinking of new or different ideas. You’re also re-imagining the way that you approach your problems.
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And when you see things in new ways, you also find solutions that weren’t apparent before. Number 4 – Think Purposefully Thinking purposefully is not about being in denial or trying to ignore your thoughts, but rather about being mindful of the way you think.
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It’s about learning how to think in a way that helps you make better decisions and feel happier.
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When you’re feeling sad, anxious, or lost, it’s very easy to slip into a downward spiral of negative thoughts.
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But if you start thinking about what will make you feel good, and then figure out how to get there, you’ll find yourself moving in the right direction and feeling much better as a result! Number 5 – Think Elevating Thoughts This is a process where you think about the things in your life that fill you with warmth, joy, and gratitude as opposed to thinking about things that make you fearful, angry, jealous, or sad.
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For example, think about your best friend, and why they’re so great to be around. Think about the time when someone was kind to you and helped you out when no one else would.
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Think about all the ways in which the world is beautiful and amazing! When you focus on these positive aspects of your life, you feel better not only because you’re appreciating all the good that you have, but also because you’re training your brain to look for these things instead of automatically looking for problems and challenges.
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And when you do that long enough, your brain starts seeing more of those positive things too! Number 6 – Think Funny When you’re having a bad day, giving yourself the chance to laugh is a simple way to turn your mood around, and it doesn’t take much effort.
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You don’t have to go out and do a stand-up comedy routine or anything like that; just try to see the lighter side of things.
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Instead of letting yourself get stuck in a negative cycle, try to think about what could be funny about the situation.
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Even if it takes some time for you to see the humor in something, remembering that we all have bad days will help you keep perspective. Number 7 – Think Long-Term The urge to get what we want or need right now is hard to ignore. It’s one of the most basic human instincts, and it can be a powerful motivator.
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But it’s important to consider how this need for instant gratification affects your long-term happiness.
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For example, if you buy something on credit and don’t pay it off right away, then you’ll have to make monthly payments (with interest) for months or even years, and that can get expensive.
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It will likely put a damper on your mood as well.
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So always think about how your actions today will affect your life in the long run.
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What can you do today that will make sure you’re on track for a better tomorrow? It’s not always easy, but if we all just took the time to consider this question before acting on our impulses, we could all be much happier. Number 8 – Think Possibility and Opportunity As Henry Ford famously said, whether you think you can, or you think you can’t, you’re right. This isn’t just a thought, it’s a fact.
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Studies show that the more you focus on your failures and problems, the more they seem to get worse! But when you start to see them as opportunities for growth and improvement, they become much easier to manage.
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There are virtually no limits to what you can do or how much success you can achieve once you start thinking about the possibilities in life instead of focusing on the problems and hurdles. There you have it! Happiness is something that can be cultivated and nurtured through the practice of positivity.
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You can’t just expect your brain to change its tune and think happy thoughts on its own. If you want to be happy, you have to consciously choose to be. Essentially, happiness is a state of mind.
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Therefore, thinking yourself happy is all about choosing a good mindset, which means you have the power to change your own life by changing how you view it! If you enjoyed this video, give it a thumbs-up, and share it with your friends, so we can keep making them.
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Also, be sure to check out our other videos as well.
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Thanks for watching!
Source : Youtube

How to deal with your emotions and stop passing them to others | Cassandra Worthy

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TqRYpEDDCrg
– We are emotional beings. Emotions don’t turn off just because I’ve walked through the door of work or because I’ve turned my laptop on and I’m in a business setting.
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(gentle music) There’s a phenomenon that I write about in my book called emotional contagion.
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We can literally catch the emotions of those around us. And I’m sure you probably have experienced something like this.
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You’re connecting with a peer or a colleague who’s feeling down, and before you know it you start feeling that same emotion.
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And the same can happen for someone who’s really upbeat, really positive, after you finish engaging with them, you just feel high and maybe you can’t explain it.
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We literally can catch the emotional energy of another. I’m Cassandra Worthy.
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I’m a speaker and founder and CEO of Change Enthusiasm Global and I’m the author of Change Enthusiasm: How to Harness the Power of Emotion for Leadership and Success.
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Emotion actually travels faster than rational thought. And so when you’re experiencing a big change like being given a new manager, like your business being acquired by another company, there’s actually an emotional response that happens first. And the first things that we typically face are what I call the signal emotions of change and those are fear, frustration, anger, anxiety, and grief. And I feel too often we are taught or we have learned to suppress those emotions, to ignore them, especially in the business world and the professional setting because the change has to happen. You’ve got to get through it.
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So let go of those emotions and just grit your teeth and bear it.
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And so it’s so important that we are in tune to recognize those emotions because they’re very powerful. When we’re fueled purely by those signal emotions, we do and we say things that we often regret. And I know that either you yourself or you’ve experienced folks around you who have acted in anger, who have acted in rage, and that can take you into that mental downward spiral. (thunder) So as I think about the power of choice and I think about our emotional energy, the geek in me always comes out and I think about the first law of thermodynamics. And it talks about energy, that it can neither be created nor destroyed. Rather, it can either be transferred, transformed, or conserved. So if you apply that to our emotional energy with us being the closed system, we can conserve our energy, holding it in, suppressing it, and then it manifesting in all types of other physical ailments like higher blood pressure, inability to sleep, like driving us to the bar and wanting to drink all night, all the things that stress can bring about. (thunder) We also have the choice of transferring that energy which is like emoting, venting to another. And honestly, this is where most of us go at the very beginning of a change announcement because it’s kind of our natural tendency.
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We want to vent, we want to talk about how terrible this is. Did you hear about this announcement? Can you believe this? And so it’s moving that energy. But if you’re only venting, if you’re only transferring the emotional energy from one individual to another, it’s like playing this game of hot potato, right? You’re just moving that same energy all around. And it’s not just one individual churning and moving into a downward spiral, it’s the entire organization.
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The other choice that we can make is to transform that energy.
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That’s like transforming anxiety into anticipation. It’s the same energy, but it carries a different signature. It becomes fuel.
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The more that we can be self-aware of these emotions, self-aware of the data, we can use it to inform us in a way that can be productive to help us evolve and to grow. And so as an individual, when you can become empowered to recognize those emotions, of course allowing them to exist, but then knowing that you are in the seat of choice, you have the power to transform it, you’re literally rewiring the chemistry of your brain. I think about our negative thoughts or the thoughts that inspire or nurture negative emotion as weeds that need to be plucked and the soil that the weeds are in as our mental state.
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Farmers remove weeds from soil and it can actually inform them on what that soil is deficient of, what that soil needs more of.
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It’s a really compelling analogy for me because it teaches me that if we can remove the negative thought from our mind and then explore it, understand it, it can inform us of our mental state. And then the more that we are informed of our mental state, what’s lacking, what’s deficient, what do we need to be nurturing, what should we be thinking? It can help us reap our intended crop, or the way that we wish to experience that change. You are going to face an infinite amount of change in both your personal and your professional career.
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We can be empowered for that change to happen for us and not against us.
Source : Youtube